Q1. (Romans 5:1-2) According to verses 1-2, faith is a key to salvation. For Abraham (4:3), what was the relationship between faith and justification? For us (5:1-2), what is the relationship between faith and justification? In your own words, what does it mean to be justified?
For Abraham, his faith brought about his justification; it was cause and effect. We saw Abraham go by faith when God said, 'Go', even though he didn't know where he was going. He trusted God by faith to provide him with an heir in his old age. Finally, we saw Abraham believe God for the sacrifice, even if it was his only son. Hebrews 11 covers that part of his story.
We also gain peace with God and grace - favor that we don't deserve - through our faith in His work. Once again, it's cause and effect. We believe in what Jesus did for us on the cross, and that's all it takes to be justified. For me, justification has always meant what I once heard someone teach in Sunday School - God makes it 'Just as If I had never sinned'. Not guilty, as the lesson said.